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I want to show you how to move beyond just painting local colors and start understanding how materials actually respond to light. In this lesson, I break down the physics of light into practical concepts you can use in your art. We cover the three main ways light interacts with surfaces: absorption, reflection, and refraction. You will learn the difference between specular and diffuse reflections, and how microscopic bumps on a surface completely change the way light behaves. I also explain how transparent and translucent objects bend light to create effects like caustics and subsurface scattering. Understanding these core principles will help you render realistic materials like metal, plastic, and glass.

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